During stage IV, melanoma usually had spreads to distant sites and metastasizes 75% of all skin cancer deaths are from malignant melanoma. People of all types and colors of skin have the chance to get this disease but it is most commonly found among fair-skinned people. Melanoma is a type of skin cancer, so it’s generally affects the human body parts that are covered by skin. It may also be likely to spread to lymph nodes and internal organs.
(moves) to organs of all parts of bodies. During metastasize, cancer cells do not randomly shoot off in all directions, in fact, each type of cancer like pancreas and breast cancer has a strong propensity of spreading to certain sites more often than others. There are several reasons to explain why these cancer cells will metastasize to the specific parts of human bodies. According to the researchers, some organs will secrete organ-specific chemoattractive molecules called "chemokines". These chemokines tend to attract circulating cancer cells to metastasize to a specific site. Hence, the presence of a skin-specific chemokine is responsible for the spreading of melanoma cancerous cell to the skin. Besides, there is high level of chemokine receptors in melanoma cells that will response with the chemokines found on skin.
The table below shows the percentage of spreading of melanoma to various parts of bodies:
Organ | Percentage of Spreading/% |
Skin, subcutaneous tissue and lymph nodes | 50-75 |
Lungs and area between the lungs | 70-87 |
Liver | 54-77 |
Brain | 36-54 |
Bone | 23-49 |
Gastrointestinal tract | 26-58 |
Heart | 40-45 |
Pancreas | 38-53 |
Adrenal glands | 36-54 |
Kidneys | 35-48 |
Thyroid | 25-39 |
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